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F-142 土业园地 (第142期) 2012.3.5
Field for Artificial Soil TechnologyAST(№142)
作者:李鹏飞 AuthorLi Pengfei March 5, 2012
My Web:www.tuyelt.com Telephone Number:13043864167

世界农业概况
General situation of world agriculture

    

    据联合国粮农组织资料,全世界现有适于耕种的土地面积是14亿公顷(合210亿亩),现有人口70亿,2011年生产粮食23.2亿吨,粮食贸易量大约是2.5亿吨,世界粮食供需基本平衡。现在的问题是,世界各国的农业状况差别很大,有的产粮大国粮食吃不了,限制粮食生产,闲置大量耕地,而有的国家则因缺少耕地而发生饥荒。现在是和平时期,这些局部问题,通过国际间的合作与协商是可以解决的。联合国粮农组织的表述,还告诫世界各国粮食自给率不低于95℅,粮食储备率不低于18℅,粮食人均占有量不低于400千克。
世界农业潜在的问题是,随着世界人口不断增加,水土流失与耕地质量下降,土地荒漠化及水资源短缺,环境恶化及气候变化等因素,致使粮食增加的速度低于人口增加和消费增加的速度,局部性的农业问题必然要变成全球性的问题,人类的农业危机迟早要发生。

 

世界农业概况
General situation of world agriculture

According to data from FAO of UN there is 1.4 billions ha. of arable land in the world, 7 billions of population in the world, 2.23 billions tons of grain production in 2011 and about 250 millions tons of grain trade, world the supply and demand of grain keeps the basic equilibrium. Present problem is that there are very huge difference of agriculture between different countries, some of grain power are the grain surpluses and leave unused plough land, another countries are famine because of shortage of plough land. Today is peacetime this problem can be solved through international arrange. FAO of UN said also that warning over 95% of degree of self-sufficiency in grain , over 18% of degree of grain reserve, over 400㎏ per capita of grain for the all countries. Potential problem is that world agricultural crisis will come sooner or later because of world population increasing, soil erosion and plough land quality to be descended, land deserting and shortage of water resource, environmental depravation and climate change etc. So speed increasing grain is below speed of increasing population and consumption make local problem of agriculture changes to world problem then human agricultural crisis will come sooner or later. (to be proofread)

 
 
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