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F-148 土业园地 (第148期) 2012.4.16
Field for Artificial Soil TechnologyAST(№148)
作者:李鹏飞 AuthorLi Pengfei April 16, 2012
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世界各国的粮食生产
Production of grain in other countries

    

    近年来,全世界粮食产量为20-22亿吨,2011年达到23.2亿吨,中国是世界第一大产粮国家,2011年粮食产量达到5.5亿吨,美国第二,大约5亿吨。全世界的粮食供求关系基本平衡。世界各国的粮食生产政策有很大的差别。美国从2002年起一直把小麦生产控制在8000万吨以下,日本确保大米和牛奶自给。中国确保大米、小麦和玉米的自给率达到100%,对进口豆油和大豆不加限制,以确保95%以上的粮食自给率。新加坡不生产一粒粮食,全部需要进口。非洲一些国家的饥荒则是靠国际救济。
世界主要国家的粮食自给率如下:
美国 法国 德国 英国 日本 俄国 巴西 印度 中国 新加坡

119% 130% 91%? 74%? 40% >100%>100%>100% <100% ?零
 

世界各国的粮食生产
Production of grain in other countries

In recent years the world grain output is about 2.0-2.2 billions tons, it reached 2.32 billions tons in 2011, China is the biggest production grain country which is 550 millions tons of grain, US is second with 500 millions tons of grain. Today the supply and demand in the world keeps a basic equilibrium. Policies about production grain between different countries have very big difference. The US since 2002 up to now produces wheat to be limited below 80 millions tons, Japan insures self-sufficiency in rice and milk. China insures 100% degree of self-sufficiency in rice, wheat and corn, import soybean to be not limited to insure over 95% degree of self-sufficiency in grain. Singapore don’t produce any grain and import all of food. Some of African countries depend on international almsgiving to solve their famine. The degrees of self-sufficiency in grain in the world main countries as following:
US?? France Germany British Japan Russia Brazil India
119% 130%??? 91%???? 74%???? 40% ﹥100% ﹥100% ﹥100%
China ??Singapore
﹤100%?? ?zero????????????????????? (to be proofread)

 
 
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