F-034 土业园地 （第034期） 2010.2.8
Field for Artificial Soil Technology（AST）（№034）
作者：李鹏飞 Author：Li Pengfei February 8, 2010
My Web：www.tuyelt.com Telephone Number：13043864167

室内植物种植试验
Lab test of planting

    将1号海城牛庄褐黄色天然土壤和21个人造土壤样品分别装入22个花盆中，在自家的阳台上做此试验。种植的作物有小麦、水稻、小白菜、菠菜、花、草、小根蒜，还栽有槐、柳、榆的幼苗，其中小麦种植是这次试验的重点。
    2002年4月16日，在1号天然土壤和2-20号一元人造土壤盆中均播下200粒小麦种子。3天后发现5、7、8、10、15号人造土壤盆内首先发芽，其中8号黑灰色煤矸石人造土壤竟有10棵幼苗。第4天1号天然土壤盆内发现幼苗出土，早晨是3棵，到晚上增至22棵，而此时8号人造土壤的小苗数已达到73棵。到第5天，出苗最晚的19号水泥人造土壤和20号矿渣人造土壤盆中也发现了幼苗。4月23日，即播种后第8天，3号黑色泥岩人造土壤的小苗数最多，为192棵，发芽率高达96% ，1号天然土壤为188棵，发芽率达94%，最少的是19号水泥人造土壤仅73棵幼苗，发芽率为36%。到4月28日，19号的幼苗增至127棵，发芽率提高到63%，20号矿渣人造土壤幼苗数达到133棵，其发芽率为66%，排在倒数第2位。
    2002年5月5日进行植株高度测量 ，即测量从土壤表面到达小麦叶梢的长度。13号花岗岩人造土壤生长的小麦最长是38厘米，1号天然土壤的小麦为36厘米，最短的是19号水泥人造土壤生长的小麦，长度为24厘米，20号为26厘米，也排在倒数第2位。
    2002年6月25日，4号深灰色煤矸石人造土壤盆中发现第1个麦穗，以后也相继见到其它盆内结出麦穗。至此，可以认为对人造土壤所进行的室内植物种植试验获得成功。当试验结束时，对小麦根系发育状况进行观察，除19号、20号根系发育较差外，其它的人造土壤盆内小麦根系发育情况与天然土壤没有什么差别。对于19号和20号发芽率低，初期植株矮小枯黄，还有幼苗枯死现象，这表明植物生长条件恶劣，后来由于及时浇水，根系发育才逐渐变好，植株生长状况明显好转。

室内植物种植试验
Lab test of planting

The No.1 sample which was a brown yellow natural soil from Niuzhuang, Haicheng City and 21 samples of artificial soils were respectively put in 22 flowerpots and the flowerpots were put on the balcony of my house to do the test. The crops planted included wheat, rice, pakchoi, spinach, flower, grass and wild garlic. The saplings of locust tree, willow and elm were also planted. Wheat planting was the focus of the test.
On April 16, 2002, 200 seeds of wheat were sown respectively in 20 flowerpots, among which No.1 flowerpot was loaded with No.1 natural soil sample and No.2-No.20 flowerpots were loaded with No.2-No. 20 artificial soil samples. Three days later, the seeds in No. 5, 7,8,10 and 15 flowerpots sprouted and in No.8 black grey gangue artificial soil, 10 seeds sprouted. On the fourth day, seedlings were found in No.1 natural soil flowerpot with 3 in the morning and 22 in the evening while at the same time, 73 seedlings had been found in No.8 artificial soil flowerpot. On the fifth day, seedlings were found in No.19 cement artificial soil flowerpot that was the last to have seedlings in the 20 flowerpots. Seedlings were also found in No.20 slag artificial soil. On April 23, i.e. eight days after sowing, No. 3 flowerpot with black mudstone artificial soil in it had the most seedlings of 192 with the germination percentage of 96%, followed by No.1 natural soil with 188 seedlings and the germination percentage of 94%. The worst case was with No. 19 cement artificial soil with 73 seedlings and the germination percentage of 36%. By April 28, the seedlings in No.19 soil had increased to 127 with the germination percentage of 63%. The seedlings in No. 20 slag artificial soil reached 133 with the germination percentage of 66%, being the second from the bottom.
On May 5, 2002, the heights of the plants were measured, i.e. measuring the length from the surface of the soil to the top of the wheat leaves. The height of the wheat in No.13 granite artificial soil was 38cm, being the maximum, followed by the wheat in No. 1 natural soil of 36cm. The shortest was the wheat in No. 19 cement artificial soil with the height of 24cm and the wheat in No. 20 soil ranked the second from the bottom once again with 26cm.
On June 25, 2002, the first ear of wheat was found in No. 4 dark grey gangue artificial soil and wheat heads were spotted successively in other flowerpots afterwards. Up to now, it can be concluded that the lab test of artificial soils for planting has been successful. When the test was over, the development of the roots of wheat was observed and it was found that the development of roots in the artificial soils was no difference from that in natural soil except in No. 19 and No.20 soils. As for the low germination percentage and short and yellow plants at the initial stage as well as the occurrence of dead seedlings in No. 19 and No.20 soils, the poor living conditions for plants were to be blamed. Due to timely watering, the roots in these soils were developed better and the plants grew better.