F-093 土业园地 （第 093 期） 2011.3.28
Field for Artificial Soil Technology （ AST ） （№ 093 ）
作者：李鹏飞 Author ： Li Pengfei March 28, 2011
My Web ： www.tuyelt.com Telephone Number ： 13043864167 |
导致我国环境破坏的九个因素
Nine factors destroying the environment of our country
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导致我国环境破坏的主要原因，有以下 9 个方面：
1 ) 、我国每年水土流失总量 50 – 60 亿吨，致使土地荒漠化的速度加快，沙漠面积不断扩大。
2 ) 、我国每年矿石采掘量大约为 50 亿吨，各种建筑工程的土石方量，都是数以亿计吨，也要排放环境中。
3 ) 、我国每年使用的化肥近 2 亿吨，占全世界化肥产量的 1/3 ，我国大量使用农药，现在又开始种植转基因农作物。
4 ) 、我国每年产生的工业固体废弃物近 10 亿吨，我国城镇每年产生的生活垃圾近 2 亿吨，并以 10% 的速度逐年增加。
5 ) 、我国每年工业和城镇生活废水排放量约 450 亿吨，大部分未经认真处理就直接排入河流、湖泊和海洋。
6 ) 、在我国的能源消费总量中，以煤炭为主，约 20 亿吨，产生大量的煤灰，粉尘和二氧化硫。
7 ) 、我国每年消耗粮食 5 亿吨以上。人畜粪便大部分排入环境中。这是我国水资源受污染及某些传染病流行的原因之一。
8 ) 、海平面上升的潜在威胁。
9 ) 、人们的一些陈旧观念使我国环境破坏雪上加霜。 |
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导致我国环境破坏的九个因素
Nine factors destroying the environment of our country
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There are nine factors causing environmental devastation in our country which are soil erosion, mining, mineral (chemical) fertilizers and pesticides, solid wastes, waste water, coal, grain consumption, rising sea level and some outdated ideas of the people. As follows.
1) The total soil erosion in China is 5-6 billion t/y, accelerating the desertification of the land and expanding the area of desert.
2) The ore mined is about 5 billion t/y in China and the earth rock used in construction projects is measured in billions of tons, which will be discharged into the environment.
3) The chemical fertilizer consumption is nearly 0.2 billion t/y in China, taking up about 1/3 of the total in the world. Pesticides are used in large quantity in China and GM ( gene modified ) crops are being planted too.
4) The solid waste from industry totals about 1 billion t/y in China, domestic waste from cities and towns totals about 0.2 billion t/y and it increases at the rate of 10% year by year.
5) Waste water discharged by industry and cities and towns totals about 45 billion t/y and most of it is directly discharged into rivers, lakes and oceans without advanced waste treatment.
6 ） Coal is the leading part of energy consumption in China, about 2 billion t/y, producing large quantities of coal ash, dust and sulfur dioxide.
7) The grain consumption reaches more than 0.5 billion t/y in China and most of the human waste and animal waste goes to the environment, which is one of the causes of water pollution and widespread of epidemic diseases in China.
8) The rise of sea level is a potential threat.
9) Some of the outdated ideas of the people make environmental destruction even worse. |
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